For anions and cations analysis, the inner diameter of the capillary was 75 µm and for sugars analysis, 50 µm. The applied voltages were -28, +25, and -15 kV for anions, cations and sugars ...

The external driving force as an operating condition significantly determines membrane separation performance, but it is not clear how the selectivity of ions and intrinsic transport mechanisms are ...

Covalent organic framework (COF)-based electrocatalysts for water oxidation are usually designed by inducing polarization into an organic framework. The most common methodology “heteroatom insertion” ...