From helping catalyze interstellar reactions and fueling the birth of stars to its presence in neighborhood gas giants like ...

Dark oxygen, a newly identified form of oxygen, raises questions about life in extreme environments and its implications for ...

Cyanobacteria began contributing oxygen to Earth's mostly noxious atmosphere more than 2 billion years ago. The photosystem ...

Energy transfer then occurs between the excited PS and ground-state molecular oxygen (3 O 2), generating 1 O 2. Singlet ...