The arrows represent the size and direction of the forces acting. When drawing a force diagram: represent the object with a small box or dot draw the arrows with a pencil and ruler draw the arrows ...

eg the size of the force in the first arrow. When an object pushes on a surface like a table, wall or the ground, the surface pushes back on the object with a balancing force. The normal reaction ...

The authors used simulations to show that they could maximize this superpropulsion effect by tweaking the force on an arrow during acceleration. At its peak, superpropulsion boosted the wobbly arrow’s ...